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Line 3: − My co-founders and I -with some of us being dating app users- have started this collective as a social movement after identifying several privacy risks one is confronted to when looking for a date online: unwanted ads, harms resulting from incorrect profiling and predictions, the possibility of phishing and identity theft. <br>+ Line 28:
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→Media
Dating Privacy aims to contribute with data literacy and gaining control over personal information in a secured and ethical manner for end users. <br>
Dating Privacy aims to contribute with data literacy and gaining control over personal information in a secured and ethical manner for end users. <br>
This collective is a social movement we have started after identifying several privacy risks we, as dating app users, are confronted with when looking for a date online: unwanted ads, harms resulting from incorrect profiling and predictions, the possibility of phishing and identity theft. <br>
Dating Privacy is a collective formed by members coming from different countries and disciplines (mathematics, sociology, journalism, law, physics) and foreparts (academia, private, independent, citizen NGO). <br>
Dating Privacy is a collective formed by members coming from different countries and disciplines (mathematics, sociology, journalism, law, physics) and foreparts (academia, private, independent, citizen NGO). <br>
==Partners==
==Partners==
'''Partners:'''[https://personaldata.io personaldata.io] and [https://MyDataVaud.ch MyData Vaud] <br>
'''Partners:'''<br>
[https://personaldata.io personaldata.io]<br> [https://MyDataVaud.ch MyData Vaud] <br> [https://dating-privacy.hestialabs.org/en/blog/interview/jessica-pidoux-dating-apps-are-not-magic-just-maths-code-and-data/ Hestialabs] <br>
==Recommended practices==
==Recommended practices==
==Problems Identified==
==Problems Identified==
'''APP'''<br>
'''APP'''<br>
# Subscription rates change according to user demographic characteristics (ex. age on Tinder, sex on Hinge). Prices are invisible outside the app <br>
# Sharing personal data with third parties which is not necessary for the app functioning (ex. for advertisement, see The Grindr case study) and for other purposes unknown (ex. the muslim app providing data to the american army)<br>
# Sharing personal data with third parties which is not necessary for the app functioning (ex. for advertisement, see The Grindr case study) and for other purposes unknown (ex. the muslim app providing data to the american army)<br>
# Background geolocation when the app is closed<br>
# Background geolocation when the app is closed<br>
# Automatic subscription renewal without notification, when there is a problem you have to contact the headquarter in another country
# Automatic subscription renewal without notification, when there is a problem you have to contact the headquarter in another country
# Fake profiles created by the company (ex. ashley madison) <br>
# Fake profiles created by the company (ex. ashley madison, Lovoo), buying profiles <br>
# Between 10-20% of users find a partner in France, Switzerland and United States. Do users really get the outcomes they want from the app in exchange for providing their data? Are users retained in the app?<br>
# Between 10-20% of users find a partner in France, Switzerland and United States. Do users really get the outcomes they want from the app in exchange for providing their data? Are users retained in the app?<br>
# The app ignores settings for presenting results (ex. show me only women and the user sees men) <br>
# The app ignores settings for presenting results (ex. show me only women and the user sees men) <br>
# Users are banned without any reason given by the app <br>
# Users are banned without any reason given by the app <br>
# One user said it has zero matches on Tinder <br>
# One user said it has zero matches on Tinder <br>
# Data leaks because of security breaches, the app did not protected the data properly<br>
'''Other USERS'''<br>
'''Other USERS'''<br>
# Scams, phishing, fake profiles. Users are affected by malicious user behaviours so how are dating apps moderating this and protecting users via the analysis of their personal data?<br>
# Scams, phishing, fake profiles. Users are affected by malicious user behaviours so how are dating apps moderating this and protecting users via the analysis of their personal data?<br>
# Rape and harassment: when "unmatching" on Tinder, the conversations and the profile are deleted for the victim. The victim loses the data to report, see https://pages.rts.ch/emissions/temps-present/11994345-le-camp-de-la-honte-aux-portes-de-leurope-08-04-2021.html?anchor=12111124#12111124 <br>
==Members==
==Members==
#Marie-Pierre maps the dating app ecosystem and delves into dating app patents [[User:Genferei|Genferei]]<br>
#Marie-Pierre maps the dating app ecosystem and delves into dating app patents [[User:Genferei|Genferei]]<br>
#Frank has revealed privacy risks on Hinge and is currently being messed around by Hinge, Bumble and Tinder having asked for his data https://bit.ly/2J8mKOo [[User:Frandrews|Frandrews]]<br>
#Frank has revealed privacy risks on Hinge and is currently being messed around by Hinge, Bumble and Tinder having asked for his data https://bit.ly/2J8mKOo [[User:Frandrews|Frandrews]]<br>
#Judith H. digs into regulation policies and howonline dating interacts with collective practices and communities<br>
#Judith H. digs into regulation policies and howonline dating interacts with collective practices and communities<br>
| *Map the data ecosystem|| ||x|| ||all
| *Map the data ecosystem|| ||x|| ||all
|-
|-
| *Next meeting '''Define the case study with questions we want to analyse'''||x || || ||
| *Next meeting '''Define the case study with questions we want to analyse'''|| || ||x ||
|-
|-
| *Add downloads per app in the wiki. || ||x|| ||
| *Add downloads per app in the wiki. || ||x|| ||
| *Document SAR procedures|| x|| || || H
| *Document SAR procedures|| x|| || || H
|-
|-
| *Write ethical chart|| || || || all
| *Write ethical chart + privacy policy|| || || || H
|-
| *Check for subcontractors who wiil back-up the data || || || || H
|}
|}
* Wikidata https://wikidata.org<br>
* Wikidata https://wikidata.org<br>
-->[https://w.wiki/tMR list of dating apps available on wikidata]<br>
-->[https://w.wiki/tMR list of dating apps available on wikidata]<br>
===top charts ===
top charts in France
https://sensortower.com/android/rankings/top/phone/france/dating?date=2021-04-23
top charts in CH
https://sensortower.com/android/rankings/top/phone/switzerland/dating?date=2021-04-23
top charts in UK
https://sensortower.com/android/rankings/top/phone/great-britain/dating?date=2021-04-23
* Forum https://forum.personaldata.io<br>
* Forum https://forum.personaldata.io<br>
==Media==
==Media==
'''2021'''<br>
* June 2021 Apps de rencontre et données personnelles : « c’est un match ! » https://linc.cnil.fr/apps-de-rencontre-et-donnees-personnelles-cest-un-match<br>
*2021, ""Grindr" to be fined almost € 10 Mio over GDPR complaint. The Gay Dating App was illegally sharing sensitive data of millions of users." https://noyb.eu/en/gay-dating-app-grindr-be-fined-almost-eu-10-mio<br>
'''2020'''<br>
*April 2020, "Lesbian, gay and bisexual online daters report positive experiences – but also harassment" https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/09/lesbian-gay-and-bisexual-online-daters-report-positive-experiences-but-also-harassment/ <br>
*March 2020, "Young women often face sexual harassment online – including on dating sites and apps" https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/03/06/young-women-often-face-sexual-harassment-online-including-on-dating-sites-and-apps/ <br>
*June 2020, "Exclusive: Winning bidder for Grindr has ties to Chinese owner" https://www.reuters.com/article/us-grindr-m-a-sanvicente-exclusive-idUSKBN2391AI <br>
*June 2020, "Exclusive: Winning bidder for Grindr has ties to Chinese owner" https://www.reuters.com/article/us-grindr-m-a-sanvicente-exclusive-idUSKBN2391AI <br>
*2021, ""Grindr" to be fined almost € 10 Mio over GDPR complaint. The Gay Dating App was illegally sharing sensitive data of millions of users." https://noyb.eu/en/gay-dating-app-grindr-be-fined-almost-eu-10-mio<br>
*October 2, 2020, Tinder Is the Latest Social Media Battleground in Thai Protests https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/10/02/tinder-is-the-latest-social-media-battleground-in-thai-protests/<br>
*April 6, 2020, Phone tracking is having a moment, but gay dating app Scruff wants no part of it https://www.protocol.com/scruff-rejects-selling-location-data <br>
*Aug 11, 2020, Tinder slammed over mysterious premium pricing, transparency and data use concerns https://mashable.com/article/tinder-plus-different-prices-age-discrimination/?europe=true <br>
'''2018'''<br>
* Nov 2018, "John Patterson, l’homme qui inventa la machine à rencontres amoureuses" https://www.lemonde.fr/m-actu/article/2018/11/02/john-patterson-l-homme-qui-inventa-la-machine-a-rencontres-amoureuses_5377755_4497186.html<br>
*August 2018, "Selon une étude Sites de rencontre : comment fonctionne la hiérarchie de la «désirabilité» ?" https://www.liberation.fr/sciences/2018/08/22/sites-de-rencontre-comment-fonctionne-la-hierarchie-de-la-desirabilite_1673893/
*Love at first swipe, What happens to your data when you look for love, Lunchtime conference of European Data Protection Supervisor trainees, Brussels, 12 February 2018 https://youtu.be/9XJWtFhtWd8 <br>
'''2017'''<br>
*Feb 2017, "Sites de rencontres, des relations (plus) humaines" et les matchmakers https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:wC8Ik1RSXf4J:https://www.lenouveleconomiste.fr/dossier-art-de-vivre/sites-de-rencontres-des-relations-plus-humaines-33877 <br>
*April 2017, "Dans le laboratoire de la «fake science» [...] le Danois Emil Kirkegaard, nouvelle coqueluche de l'extrême droite" https://www.letemps.ch/sciences/laboratoire-fake-science<br>
*Live streaming drives growth in chinese dating app momo (2017) https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/09/momo-live-streaming/ <br>
*July 17, 2017, Match Group appoints global head of privacy in Paris https://iapp.org/news/a/match-group-appoints-global-head-of-privacy-in-paris/ <br>
'''2016'''<br>
*2016, "What Tinder and Halo Have in Common" https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/01/how-tinder-matchmaking-is-like-warcraft/424350/<br>
*2016, "What Tinder and Halo Have in Common" https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/01/how-tinder-matchmaking-is-like-warcraft/424350/<br>
*Top iOS dating apps are exposing your personal life to hackers https://www.wired.co.uk/article/the-dating-apps-exposing-your-personal-life-to-hackers <br>
*Top iOS dating apps are exposing your personal life to hackers https://www.wired.co.uk/article/the-dating-apps-exposing-your-personal-life-to-hackers <br>
*Investidating: why deep photo analysis has become part of online hook-ups https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/05/tinder-online-dating-apps-photos<br>
*Investidating: why deep photo analysis has become part of online hook-ups https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/05/tinder-online-dating-apps-photos<br>
*How algorithms on dating apps are contributing to racism in our love lives https://officialfamemagazine.com/2020/06/28/how-algorithms-on-dating-apps-are-contributing-to-racism-in-our-love-lives/<br>
*How algorithms on dating apps are contributing to racism in our love lives https://officialfamemagazine.com/2020/06/28/how-algorithms-on-dating-apps-are-contributing-to-racism-in-our-love-lives/<br>
*April 2017, "Dans le laboratoire de la «fake science» [...] le Danois Emil Kirkegaard, nouvelle coqueluche de l'extrême droite" https://www.letemps.ch/sciences/laboratoire-fake-science<br>
'''to organize by date'''<br>
*OK Cupid blog archive https://web.archive.org/web/20190212000843if_/https://www.reddit.com/r/gwern/comments/aapn1l/okcupid_blog_archives/<br>
*Blinq dating app uses AI to judge hotness https://techcrunch.com/2016/01/11/blinq-dating-app-uses-ai-to-judge-hotness/<br>
*Blinq dating app uses AI to judge hotness https://techcrunch.com/2016/01/11/blinq-dating-app-uses-ai-to-judge-hotness/<br>
*Why we need a dating app that understands Nash’s equilibrium https://hackernoon.com/why-we-need-a-dating-app-that-understands-nashs-equilibrium-2dc4a862b47e <br>
*Why we need a dating app that understands Nash’s equilibrium https://hackernoon.com/why-we-need-a-dating-app-that-understands-nashs-equilibrium-2dc4a862b47e <br>
*How To Get A Match, According to Tinder’s Sociologist https://www.fastcompany.com/3062454/how-to-get-a-match-according-to-tinders-sociologist<br>
*How To Get A Match, According to Tinder’s Sociologist https://www.fastcompany.com/3062454/how-to-get-a-match-according-to-tinders-sociologist<br>
*Intéressant car il existe aussi Pokémon GO Dating "« Pokémon Go » : les multiples facteurs des inégalités géographiques" https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2016/08/03/pokemon-go-les-multiples-facteurs-des-inegalites-geographiques_4977738_4408996.html<br>
*Intéressant car il existe aussi Pokémon GO Dating "« Pokémon Go » : les multiples facteurs des inégalités géographiques" https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2016/08/03/pokemon-go-les-multiples-facteurs-des-inegalites-geographiques_4977738_4408996.html<br>
*How I [engineer] Decide Who Gets Banned on OkCupid https://www.thecut.com/2017/02/banned-from-okcupid-sexting-moderation.html<br>
*How I [engineer] Decide Who Gets Banned on OkCupid https://www.thecut.com/2017/02/banned-from-okcupid-sexting-moderation.html<br>
*OkCupid inferences: The 8 Personalities You’ll Meet When Dating in the U.S. https://theblog.okcupid.com/the-8-personalities-youll-meet-when-dating-in-the-u-s-9d87a5a40274#db60<br>
*OkCupid inferences: The 8 Personalities You’ll Meet When Dating in the U.S. https://theblog.okcupid.com/the-8-personalities-youll-meet-when-dating-in-the-u-s-9d87a5a40274#db60<br>
*October 2, 2020, Tinder Is the Latest Social Media Battleground in Thai Protests https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/10/02/tinder-is-the-latest-social-media-battleground-in-thai-protests/<br>
*July 17, 2017, Match Group appoints global head of privacy in Paris https://iapp.org/news/a/match-group-appoints-global-head-of-privacy-in-paris/ <br>
==Studies conducted scrapping dating app profiles==
*April 6, 2020, Phone tracking is having a moment, but gay dating app Scruff wants no part of it https://www.protocol.com/scruff-rejects-selling-location-data <br>
*Emil Kirkegaard. The OKCupid dataset: A very largepublic dataset of dating site users: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Emil_O_W_Kirkegaard/project/The-OKCupid-dataset-A-very-large-public-dataset-of-dating-site-users/attachment/573b1d7e08aea7adff2f3c8d/AS:362725751443460@1463491966863/download/paper.pdf?context=ProjectUpdatesLog <br>
*Aug 11, 2020, Tinder slammed over mysterious premium pricing, transparency and data use concerns https://mashable.com/article/tinder-plus-different-prices-age-discrimination/?europe=true <br>
*Konsinski.DEEP NEURAL NETWORKSCAN DETECT SEXUAL ORIENTATION FROM FACES: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/sites/gsb/files/publication-pdf/wang_kosinski.pdf <br>
*John Leuner, a master’s student studying information technology at South Africa's University of Pretoria, attempted to reproduce the aforementioned study. The infamous AI gaydar study was repeated – and, no, code can't tell if you're straight or not just from your face: https://www.theregister.com/2019/03/05/ai_gaydar/ <br>
*Gareth Tyson, Vasile C. Perta, Hamed Haddadi, Michael C. Seto, A First Look at User Activity on Tinder http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.01952<br>
*Charles F. Jekel (cjekel@ufl.edu; cj@jekel.me) and Raphael T. Haftka, CLASSIFYING ONLINE DATING PROFILES ON TINDER USING FACENET FACIAL EMBEDDINGS http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04347<br>
==Legal==
==Legal==
'''happn'''<br>
'''happn'''<br>
En détournant l’app Happn, un hacker peut tracer votre chemin en temps réel https://cyberguerre.numerama.com/5827-en-detournant-lapp-happn-un-hacker-peut-tracer-votre-chemin-en-temps-reel.html<br>
En détournant l’app Happn, un hacker peut tracer votre chemin en temps réel https://cyberguerre.numerama.com/5827-en-detournant-lapp-happn-un-hacker-peut-tracer-votre-chemin-en-temps-reel.html<br>
'''MobiFiends'''
Barcelona Based dating app, user data breach
https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/data-breach-exposes-four-million/
'''coffee meets Bagel '''
2019,Happy Valentine’s Day: your dating app account was hacked, says Coffee Meets Bagel
https://techcrunch.com/2019/02/14/happy-valentines-day-your-dating-app-account-was-hacked-says-coffee-meets-bagel/
'''J crush'''
2019, Jewish dating app JCrush exposed user data and private messages
https://techcrunch.com/2019/06/04/jcrush-exposed-data-messages/
'''Donal Daters'''
2018, Donald Daters, a dating app for Trump supporters, leaked its users’ data
https://techcrunch.com/2018/10/15/donald-daters-a-dating-app-for-trump-supporters-leaked-its-users-data/
'''Meet Mindful'''
2021, Hacker leaks data of 2.28 million dating site users
a dating site platform "for people who are into health, well-being, and mindfulness"
https://www.zdnet.com/article/hacker-leaks-data-of-2-28-million-dating-site-users/
'''3somes, CougarD, Gay Daddy Bear, Xpal, BBW Dating, Casualx, SugarD, Herpes Dating'''
2020, Report: Breach Exposes 100,000+ Users on Niche Dating Apps
https://www.vpnmentor.com/blog/report-dating-apps-leak/
'''Fessées, menottes, bondage : les préférences sexuelles de 20 000 Français fuitent d’un forum'''
Forum "Domi" reportedly related as subsidiary to self claimed fintech group BD Multimedia
https://cyberguerre.numerama.com/4925-fessees-menottes-bondage-les-preferences-sexuelles-de-20-000-francais-fuitent-dun-forum.html
==References with databases==
==References with databases==
Swiss Federal Statistical Office (Nov 2019): Families and Generations Survey. Retrieved from https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population/enquetes/efg.assetdetail.10467789.html<br>
Swiss Federal Statistical Office (Nov 2019): Families and Generations Survey. Retrieved from https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population/enquetes/efg.assetdetail.10467789.html<br>
INED France (2016) https://www.ined.fr/fr/publications/editions/population-et-societes/sites-rencontres-qui-y-trouve-son-conjoint/ <br>
INED France (2016) https://www.ined.fr/fr/publications/editions/population-et-societes/sites-rencontres-qui-y-trouve-son-conjoint/ <br>
Roughly six-in-ten online daters in the U.S. are concerned about data collection (May 29, 2020) https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/05/29/roughly-six-in-ten-online-daters-in-the-u-s-are-concerned-about-data-collection/ <br>
==Technical references==
==Technical references==
bbuzz 17: Anti-Spam and Machine learning at LOVOO
bbuzz 17: Anti-Spam and Machine learning at LOVOO
https://lovoodotblog.wordpress.com/2017/06/16/bbuzz-17-anti-spam-and-machine-learning-at-lovoo/<br>
https://lovoodotblog.wordpress.com/2017/06/16/bbuzz-17-anti-spam-and-machine-learning-at-lovoo/<br>
Digital methods project "Mapping data ecologies of the dating industry" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1n-p_efBmkK2v1KGCbHyHb_csmR6D7KN8SX3qron9Cn4/edit<br>
'''Digital methods project "Mapping data ecologies of the dating industry'''" https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1n-p_efBmkK2v1KGCbHyHb_csmR6D7KN8SX3qron9Cn4/edit<br>
==Cooperative & Data Literacy Tools==
# https://app.quicktype.io/<br>
# https://digitalplatformobservatory.org/lapp-dpo/ <br>
# https://graasp.eu/ <br>
# https://bevigil.com app metadata, permissions, ...
# Tools to sample how many apps are in the Google and Play stores:<br>
# Tools to sample how many apps are in the Google and Play stores:<br>
"Google Play Store Scraper" is a simple tool to extract the details of individual apps, collect their related apps, retrieve app permissions, and retrieve a list of apps for a given keyword. <br>
"Google Play Store Scraper" is a simple tool to extract the details of individual apps, collect their related apps, retrieve app permissions, and retrieve a list of apps for a given keyword. <br>
https://wiki.digitalmethods.net/Dmi/ToolDatabase<br>
https://wiki.digitalmethods.net/Dmi/ToolDatabase<br>
==List of apps with SAR==
==List of apps for which we have obtained our data after a SAR==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! App !! Female !! Male !! Country
! App !! Female user!! Male user!! Country !! file format
|-
|-
| Adopteunmec || 1 || 0 || CH
| Adopteunmec || 1 || 0 || CH ||json
|-
|-
| Badoo || 1 || 0 || CH
| Badoo || 1 || 0 || CH ||json.zip
|-
|-
| Bumble || 1 || 0 || CH
| Bumble || 1 || 0 || CH ||html.zip
|-
|-
| happn || 1 || 0 || CH
| happn || 1 || 0 || CH || csv.zip, json, audio, photos (jpeg), gz
|-
|-
| HER || 1 || 0 || CH
| HER || 1 || 0 || CH || different csv.zip, jpeg,
|-
|-
| Once || 1 || 0 || CH
| Once || 1 || 0 || CH || html, jpeg,
|-
|-
| Parship || 1 || 0 || CH
| Parship || 1 || 0 || CH || pdf.zip, csv.zip, text, photos,
|-
|-
| PlanetRomeo || 0 || 1 || CH
| PlanetRomeo || 0 || 1 || CH || pdf.zip, json, yaml, jpeg,
|-
|-
| Scruff || 0 || 1 || CH
| Scruff || 0 || 1 || CH ||zip, ds_file, xml, csv, .md, image,
|-
|-
| Tinder || 1 || 1 || CH
| Tinder || 1 || 1 || CH || json,.zip, html, jpeg,
|-
|-
|}
|}