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return to the on the main page of the [[Events/HackCovid/2020-03-28|HackCovid]]   
+
return to the main page of the [[Events/HackCovid/2020-03-28|HackCovid]]  <br>
  
−
== Presentation==
+
Thema:'''Data anthropology and Ethics'''<br>
−
general questions useful for the hackathon:
+
===Roadmap===
 +
'''Goals'''<br>
 +
A non-profit project based on a sociological study, from questionnaires and tested with computational models<br>
 +
A methodology for adapting to local models<br>
 +
Social responses for communities<br>
 +
Open Source: models and methodology<br>
 +
Different from a digital contact tracing proposal<br>
 +
Digital contact tracing can be discussed with Paul-Olivier Dehaye also part of our team<br>
 +
Obtaining public funding from public institutions in different countries (Switzerland, Canada, Netherlands)<br>
 +
Hiring full time people<br>
 +
The members of this team are "consultant experts" to implement the project. We provide the questionnaire, scientific article,  consulting and follow up<br>
  
−
From the perspective of '''medical anthropology, intersectionality''':
 
  
−
Target an Application that creates a social profile to be utilized to facilitate social interaction minimizing socioeconomic damage during pandemics (sadly they are here to stay) and unlike SARS1 that ground pockets of economy to a halt, SARS2 has ground the global economy to a halt.
+
'''Framework'''<br>
 +
personaldata.io<br>
 +
MyData<br>
  
−
• A central tenet – there is no biomedical (vaccine, antiretroviral) response to COVID19<br>
+
===TogetherVsVirus===
−
• As with SARS1, MERS etc, medical treatments are possible, but unlikely<br>
+
'''Slack'''<br>
−
• This is key, our response is a social response (physical distancing, shelter in place) limiting social interaction<br>
+
Slack invitation to Togethervsvirus: https://join.slack.com/t/togethervsvirus/shared_invite/zt-dnogul1e-_8SbD5m6yylehDA39IT_JQ<br>
−
• End result is to break the chain of transmission of COVID19 utilizing app that contains a social profile to identify safe interactions<br>
+
our team channel: https://togethervsvirus.slack.com/archives/C0128DVA7EG<br>
−
• Allow privacy but health identifiers<br>
+
 
−
• Are the app connections both gouvernment and society-based?<br>
+
'''Zoom meetings'''<br>
−
• What is the main target function of the app?<br>
+
Meeting ID: 920-5292-2031<br>
−
• Data sets and maths to create?<br>
+
Meeting password: 3zJQ97<br>
−
• Critical not to infringe on rights in the West<br>
+
 
−
• Asian approach of lock down can’t be used in the West<br>
+
'''Meetings Minutes'''<br>
−
• Foucault’s biopower in play, the peoples power and rights fed back up to the government<br>
+
URL: https://docs.google.com/document/d/13LgfxvfV4-_Tw8lpm89BNu84Wra9ue5DhuRZvTOYenU/edit<br>
−
• The app navigates this contour of human rights versus government control<br>
+
 
−
• Surveys to get profiles? What is the value/danger of profiling?<br>
+
'''Resources'''<br>
−
• How does the app contribute to the social response to COVID19, since that is our only response?<br>
+
'''Public Questionnaire'''<br>
 +
English questionnaire public link: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc0I9pWnADLAWHfNAJGXvRFAX1AMTh03mugfn_mE0Ro07p6CQ/viewform?usp=pp_url<br>
 +
English questionnaire in a text document last master version official to be used for translations: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1n8r2sAm0AtHQ8G_Zcq-Y1DL6MNC9I7uAFrnziv1XSfM/edit?pli=1<br>
 +
Admin access to the english questionnaire in google form: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1uNRgYzhKOw58wXd9uGr55zTKk4R0I21T3sRpdTt4Yec<br>
 +
FRENCH questionnaire (OLD Version) admin access: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1HGDYwQUMJ7Z4gWfCTTNX_pjhaeLO3OwG9Pygj6RAZ8Q/edit<br>
 +
 
 +
'''Forum'''<br>
 +
Resources to visualize data: https://forum.personaldata.io/t/visualizing-lifestyles/401/3<br>
 +
'''Expert Questionnaire'''<br>
 +
Risk assessment questionnaire public link, to share only with epidemiologists or related fields: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScECZqYO1mOTo68T85sV56MR5y_eut9QHedkOZwjUhnVJkkEA/viewform<br>
 +
Admin access to the risk assessment questionaire, to update if new questions or answers are added to the master questionnaire: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1YLxRRMQkuCX4PwngmTADZAXzalJgHeNbCqFmtr36WXM/edit <br>
 +
 
 +
'''Github'''<br>
 +
Here are the questionnaire results  as we used them in the Swiss hackathon (in ./data/), the analysis script (./survey_analysis.py) and the output (in ./out/): https://github.com/bogdan-kulynych/covid_survey feel free to peek and poke.<br>
 +
 
 +
===Versus Virus challenge No. 46===
 +
date: from 3 to 5 April<br>
 +
our project Mapping social contours was selected in the highlights with possibilities for funding<br>
 +
 
 +
===Next meetings===
 +
And our work started before the hackathon and will continue, next meeting is scheduled to:<br>
 +
08.04 at 6pm for discussing the scientific article<br>
 +
09.04 at 6pm for reviewing the questionnaire<br>
 +
 
 +
===Challenge===
 +
we have our full initial challenge that can be found here:
 +
https://jessicapidoux.info/?p=201<br>
 +
 
 +
In versus virus it is number 46 and was merged with other challenges with other purposes, that is why is important that you read our initial challenge in the linke above.<br>
 +
 
 +
we worked initially with a team developing an app that can be found in the following website: [https://www.CO19andME.com www.CO19andME.com]
 +
 
 +
And our work started before the hackathon and will continue, next zoom meeting is scheduled to monday 06.04 at 6PM https://epfl.zoom.us/j/8287703734<br>
 +
 
 +
===Documentation===
 +
*forum with resources, articles about big data, epidemics, anthropology and sociology: https://forum.personaldata.io/t/sociology-of-big-data-and-epidemics/358<br>
 +
*forum about analysing the south korean dataset: https://forum.personaldata.io/t/south-korean-dataset-and-social-contours/387<br>
 +
*forum about social contouring field notes: https://forum.personaldata.io/t/ethnography-of-social-contours/397<br>
 +
*forum with comments to refine the questionnaire: https://forum.personaldata.io/t/questionnaire-social-contours/398<br>
 +
*we also have an on-going document on the Drive with tasks to do, our goals, and our past meetings minutes. It is also for brainstorming: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16-B-CN652Wm8qeEUB2OATsQwL6JEr6xF1rHPyeHPduE/edit<br>
 +
*Final presentation: https://tinyurl.com/20200406-SocialContouring-Pres<br>
 +
*Mapping social contours project https://devpost.com/software/mapping-social-contours<br>
 +
*Press release document: https://docs.google.com/document/d/11VGjhSDhdvBkDpi9Rvidj1oA8NOQ7N0JDNj8r8gF3Y0/edit<br>
 +
*Scientific article plan: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17fhzdWCjtXCM2LY6estkpMrClQU7PI1fMLE-tRQbrvA/edit<br>
 +
 
 +
===Posts or articles written by us===
 +
https://joop.bnnvara.nl/opinies/opgeven-privacy-bestrijdt-corona-niet<br>
 +
 
 +
===Tools and resources===
 +
*Trello to organize the team work: https://trello.com/invite/b/gf6w1XHr/83c4d2d8170406c2e1652d4a15bd8b2e/data-anthropo-ethics-versusvirus<br>
 +
*signal group you can join<br>
 +
*Slack MyData channel #coronadata https://mydataglobal.slack.com/archives/CVD14K8R3
 +
*[updated] questionnaires  In English:-->https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc0I9pWnADLAWHfNAJGXvRFAX1AMTh03mugfn_mE0Ro07p6CQ/formResponse <br>
 +
*Google Drive: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1NvmoJHTcgu5LyIZWSK1SCENUzR-5CKlT<br>
 +
*Contacts list https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1C-rmJRqUo4or52jzWMuM3yNzo3_22fXvS2LVOsuMcZg/edit#gid=0<br>
 +
 
 +
'''Participant skills'''<br>
 +
 
 +
Add your name here:
 +
* Jessica: sociology, qualitative analysis, methodology for modelling lifestyles, I have the results from the questionnaires<br>
 +
* Genferei: wiki editor, sparql request, information search, monitoring, ...<br>
 +
*  <br>
 +
*  <br>
 +
 
 +
===Discussion 08.04===
 +
Agenda:<br>
 +
switching to Signal and jitsi?<br>
 +
schedule a meeting for the project goals: what do we want to do, and how?<br>
 +
define a plan for the scientific article<br>
 +
 
 +
===Discussion 06.04===
 +
we will write a scientific article<br>
 +
Maurizio is in charge of contacting associations and potential partners that have already developed mobile app<br>
 +
we are going to use trello to organize work https://trello.com/b/4sclmlDa/data-anthropology-ethics<br>
 +
we will start the south korean dataset analysis<br>
 +
we need to verify questions of the questionnaire<br>
 +
Maurizio will write a post about our project for the dhcenter website<br>
 +
 
 +
===Discussion 28.03===
 +
 
 +
1. Started by public health surveillance, and their ethics and laws. Rules of privacy already allow the state to limit the freedom. Enhanced with digital systems, like asking for digital surveillance. What are limits, etc.
 +
 
 +
2. Starts from the bottom up, difficult to conceptualize. Not part of standard public health surveillance. If imagine new ecosystem of contributors, not to enhance surveillance. Should they need a framework for themselves beyond the laws.
 +
What's is the driver?<br>
 +
what's are the limits?<br>
 +
Should we need a framework?<br>
 +
 
 +
'''Ideas to work on:'''<br>
 +
'''1. NLP tool according to Paul-Olivier post on slack'''<br>
 +
participants:<br>
 +
'''2. Data analysis of questionnaires results'''<br>
 +
participants:<br>
 +
'''3. Modelling lifestyles from personas and questionnaires'''<br>
 +
participants: Jessica<br>
 +
'''4. Identifying factors of risk according to lifestyles and virus characteristics'''<br>
 +
participants: <br>
 +
 
 +
'''Challenge for other hackathons'''
 +
 
 +
1. identify the relationships that explain and/or predict specific personas becoming drivers and spreaders of a disease<br>
 +
2. identify the relationships that explain and/or predict specific personas becoming stigmatized as drivers and spreaders of a disease, and the risk factors that would lead such stigmatization having heavy consequences on their well-being<br>
 +
3. build an early warning system for new social categories at risk of being identified as super spreaders and suffer the highest social consequences of this association<br>
 +
4-How to model the factors in lifestyle that would increase the risk of spreading/contagion, and identify the virus risks associated to this propagation<br>
 +
*'''Start with anthropology'''<br>
 +
 
 +
whats' the model<br>
 +
resources<br>
 +
how many models?<br>
 +
identify how people are living? How exposed they're?<br>
 +
social points of contagion<br>
 +
what's the implication for ethics?<br>
 +
 
 +
'''700 answers''' from the French version of Questionnaire COVID-19 lifestyles and contagion<br>
 +
 
 +
Very interesting input specially the supermarket visit.<br>
 +
 
 +
'''Personas''': https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uQS9AOr8bMr3fJwqmfPVLobvW9JioV_qAGAzPT2FUvE/edit?usp=sharing<br>
 +
11 types of at risk profiles were detected<br>
 +
 
 +
* kid + single parents
 +
* teenager + student
 +
* single person without children with office job (homeworking)
 +
* doctor in hospital (borderer worker)
 +
* nurse in mobility
 +
* delivery person
 +
* cashier or seller in a supermarket + risky partner
 +
* independent worker 
 +
* unemployed person healed from COVID-19 
 +
* isolated elder person 
 +
* family with home-school
 +
 
 +
 
 +
*'''From the data perspective'''<br>
 +
 
 +
'''summary of the discussion:'''<br>
 +
1) personas can be helpful as elements in a methodology to analyze the spread of a disease and the risk factors<br>
 +
2) data collaboratives can be used to collect the data needed to build and refine such models<br>
 +
3) at the same time, these data and models generate risks of stigmatization<br>
 +
4) personas can also be helpful as elements in a methodology to analyze the spread of stigmatization risks<br>
 +
5) disease risks and stigmatizations risks are structurally related, as groups at high risk of contagion face higher stigmatization risk, irrespective of other (positive/negative) characteristics <br>
 +
6) additionally, other characteristics (e.g. negatively perceived social traits, e.g. poverty, social deviance) combine with at risk behaviour to generate higher stigmatization risks<br>
 +
 
 +
'''Outputs:'''<br>
 +
1. Categorization of the personas for modeling the drivers of risks of contagion and being stigmatized. <br>
 +
2. Three levels of analysis to the modeling:<br>
 +
* risks of contagion according to the virus and COVID-19 characteristics<br>
 +
* lifestyles factors that would increase the risks of contagion<br>
 +
* ethical issues : stigmatization<br>
 +
3. Use data for public health purpose only<br>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Which data are relevant from the personas for design)<br>
 +
Possible sources of data: potentially portable COVID testing.<br>
 +
''An ultrasensitive, rapid, and portable coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 sequence detection method based on CRISPR-Cas12'' <br>
 +
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.29.971127v1<br>
 +
 
 +
['''feature 1''': degree of risk for themselves, likelihood to get infected]  [how to know?]<br>
 +
-> result of a model with a lot of variables
 +
 
 +
['''feature 2''': Based on the configuration of the shelter, what are the degree of risk of contaminating others, likelihood to infect others] [how to know?]<br>
 +
variables: shelter configuration, occupation,
 +
 
 +
 
 +
['''feature 3''': typical contagion channels]  [how to know?]<br>
 +
variables: transportation, shared facilities, occupation, leisure, food supply, hospital, pharmacy,
 +
 
 +
 
 +
['''feature 4''': easy to detect/contact/trace] [how to know?]<br>
 +
variables: level of education, gender, age, access to tech, awareness, location (urban/suburban/remote), level of trust in government & health system,
 +
 +
['''feature 5''': risk of harming by detection/contact/tracing ] [how to know?]<br>
 +
variables
 +
two families of stigmatization risks:
 +
'''A)''' socially undesired behaviour. e.g., illegal activities, -> have incentive to avoid surveillance -> risk is not intrinsically related to the generation of useful knowledge from an epidemiological point of view -> surveillance can try to mitigate the problem by getting as much information as possible about the disease-related aspects of behaviour, ignoring or masking the non-disease-related aspects of the behavior<br>
 +
 
 +
'''B)'''  all groups combining a high degree of risk of contagion with a high risk of contaminating others, based on demographic, lifestyle, occupational characteristics -> stigmatization risk is intrinsic to (and highly correlated with) the generation of useful knowledge from an epidemiological point of view -> surveillance can try to mitigate the problem by a) intervening on the granularity of the description of risk-related phenomena (may be in trade-off with data utility), b) adopting a language that does not revolve around concrete sociological categories
 +
'''keywords: stigmatization, discrimination, group exclusion.'''
 +
 
 +
''As example, 2 related controversies that have already happened in France<br>
 +
- '''stigmatization of people living in poor suburb''' of Paris associating hospital saturation with assuming not respecting the quarantine (press/social media comments)<br>
 +
- '''stigmatization of health workers''' (neighbour leaving note on nurses' flat door asking to go live elsewhere)<br>
 +
* police private message group harshly commenting suburban https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/280320/confinement-dans-les-quartiers-populaires-attention-aux-controles-sous-tension<br>
 +
 
 +
twitter exchange https://twitter.com/MariannesNoires/status/1243476777147731968<br>
 +
about this article<br>
 +
https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2020/03/26/il-n-y-a-plus-une-seule-place-de-reanimation-dans-le-93_6034502_3244.html<br>
 +
* nurses https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/occitanie/haute-garonne/toulouse/peur-du-coronavirus-ses-voisins-lui-demandent-quitter-son-appartement-elle-est-aide-soignante-toulouse-1805646.html<br>''
 +
 
 +
['''feature 6''': communication risks, e.g. miscommunication, fear, stigmatization] [how to assess[h] this?]<br>
 +
variables: age, level of education, <br>

Latest revision as of 16:00, 18 April 2020

return to the main page of the HackCovid

Thema:Data anthropology and Ethics

Roadmap

Goals
A non-profit project based on a sociological study, from questionnaires and tested with computational models
A methodology for adapting to local models
Social responses for communities
Open Source: models and methodology
Different from a digital contact tracing proposal
Digital contact tracing can be discussed with Paul-Olivier Dehaye also part of our team
Obtaining public funding from public institutions in different countries (Switzerland, Canada, Netherlands)
Hiring full time people
The members of this team are "consultant experts" to implement the project. We provide the questionnaire, scientific article, consulting and follow up


Framework
personaldata.io
MyData

TogetherVsVirus

Slack
Slack invitation to Togethervsvirus: https://join.slack.com/t/togethervsvirus/shared_invite/zt-dnogul1e-_8SbD5m6yylehDA39IT_JQ
our team channel: https://togethervsvirus.slack.com/archives/C0128DVA7EG

Zoom meetings
Meeting ID: 920-5292-2031
Meeting password: 3zJQ97

Meetings Minutes
URL: https://docs.google.com/document/d/13LgfxvfV4-_Tw8lpm89BNu84Wra9ue5DhuRZvTOYenU/edit

Resources
Public Questionnaire
English questionnaire public link: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc0I9pWnADLAWHfNAJGXvRFAX1AMTh03mugfn_mE0Ro07p6CQ/viewform?usp=pp_url
English questionnaire in a text document last master version official to be used for translations: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1n8r2sAm0AtHQ8G_Zcq-Y1DL6MNC9I7uAFrnziv1XSfM/edit?pli=1
Admin access to the english questionnaire in google form: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1uNRgYzhKOw58wXd9uGr55zTKk4R0I21T3sRpdTt4Yec
FRENCH questionnaire (OLD Version) admin access: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1HGDYwQUMJ7Z4gWfCTTNX_pjhaeLO3OwG9Pygj6RAZ8Q/edit

Forum
Resources to visualize data: https://forum.personaldata.io/t/visualizing-lifestyles/401/3
Expert Questionnaire
Risk assessment questionnaire public link, to share only with epidemiologists or related fields: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScECZqYO1mOTo68T85sV56MR5y_eut9QHedkOZwjUhnVJkkEA/viewform
Admin access to the risk assessment questionaire, to update if new questions or answers are added to the master questionnaire: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1YLxRRMQkuCX4PwngmTADZAXzalJgHeNbCqFmtr36WXM/edit

Github
Here are the questionnaire results as we used them in the Swiss hackathon (in ./data/), the analysis script (./survey_analysis.py) and the output (in ./out/): https://github.com/bogdan-kulynych/covid_survey feel free to peek and poke.

Versus Virus challenge No. 46

date: from 3 to 5 April
our project Mapping social contours was selected in the highlights with possibilities for funding

Next meetings

And our work started before the hackathon and will continue, next meeting is scheduled to:
08.04 at 6pm for discussing the scientific article
09.04 at 6pm for reviewing the questionnaire

Challenge

we have our full initial challenge that can be found here: https://jessicapidoux.info/?p=201

In versus virus it is number 46 and was merged with other challenges with other purposes, that is why is important that you read our initial challenge in the linke above.

we worked initially with a team developing an app that can be found in the following website: www.CO19andME.com

And our work started before the hackathon and will continue, next zoom meeting is scheduled to monday 06.04 at 6PM https://epfl.zoom.us/j/8287703734

Documentation

Posts or articles written by us

https://joop.bnnvara.nl/opinies/opgeven-privacy-bestrijdt-corona-niet

Tools and resources

Participant skills

Add your name here:

  • Jessica: sociology, qualitative analysis, methodology for modelling lifestyles, I have the results from the questionnaires
  • Genferei: wiki editor, sparql request, information search, monitoring, ...


Discussion 08.04

Agenda:
switching to Signal and jitsi?
schedule a meeting for the project goals: what do we want to do, and how?
define a plan for the scientific article

Discussion 06.04

we will write a scientific article
Maurizio is in charge of contacting associations and potential partners that have already developed mobile app
we are going to use trello to organize work https://trello.com/b/4sclmlDa/data-anthropology-ethics
we will start the south korean dataset analysis
we need to verify questions of the questionnaire
Maurizio will write a post about our project for the dhcenter website

Discussion 28.03

1. Started by public health surveillance, and their ethics and laws. Rules of privacy already allow the state to limit the freedom. Enhanced with digital systems, like asking for digital surveillance. What are limits, etc.

2. Starts from the bottom up, difficult to conceptualize. Not part of standard public health surveillance. If imagine new ecosystem of contributors, not to enhance surveillance. Should they need a framework for themselves beyond the laws. What's is the driver?
what's are the limits?
Should we need a framework?

Ideas to work on:
1. NLP tool according to Paul-Olivier post on slack
participants:
2. Data analysis of questionnaires results
participants:
3. Modelling lifestyles from personas and questionnaires
participants: Jessica
4. Identifying factors of risk according to lifestyles and virus characteristics
participants:

Challenge for other hackathons

1. identify the relationships that explain and/or predict specific personas becoming drivers and spreaders of a disease
2. identify the relationships that explain and/or predict specific personas becoming stigmatized as drivers and spreaders of a disease, and the risk factors that would lead such stigmatization having heavy consequences on their well-being
3. build an early warning system for new social categories at risk of being identified as super spreaders and suffer the highest social consequences of this association
4-How to model the factors in lifestyle that would increase the risk of spreading/contagion, and identify the virus risks associated to this propagation

  • Start with anthropology

whats' the model
resources
how many models?
identify how people are living? How exposed they're?
social points of contagion
what's the implication for ethics?

700 answers from the French version of Questionnaire COVID-19 lifestyles and contagion

Very interesting input specially the supermarket visit.

Personas: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uQS9AOr8bMr3fJwqmfPVLobvW9JioV_qAGAzPT2FUvE/edit?usp=sharing
11 types of at risk profiles were detected

  • kid + single parents
  • teenager + student
  • single person without children with office job (homeworking)
  • doctor in hospital (borderer worker)
  • nurse in mobility
  • delivery person
  • cashier or seller in a supermarket + risky partner
  • independent worker
  • unemployed person healed from COVID-19
  • isolated elder person
  • family with home-school


  • From the data perspective

summary of the discussion:
1) personas can be helpful as elements in a methodology to analyze the spread of a disease and the risk factors
2) data collaboratives can be used to collect the data needed to build and refine such models
3) at the same time, these data and models generate risks of stigmatization
4) personas can also be helpful as elements in a methodology to analyze the spread of stigmatization risks
5) disease risks and stigmatizations risks are structurally related, as groups at high risk of contagion face higher stigmatization risk, irrespective of other (positive/negative) characteristics
6) additionally, other characteristics (e.g. negatively perceived social traits, e.g. poverty, social deviance) combine with at risk behaviour to generate higher stigmatization risks

Outputs:
1. Categorization of the personas for modeling the drivers of risks of contagion and being stigmatized.
2. Three levels of analysis to the modeling:

  • risks of contagion according to the virus and COVID-19 characteristics
  • lifestyles factors that would increase the risks of contagion
  • ethical issues : stigmatization

3. Use data for public health purpose only


Which data are relevant from the personas for design)
Possible sources of data: potentially portable COVID testing.
An ultrasensitive, rapid, and portable coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 sequence detection method based on CRISPR-Cas12
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.29.971127v1

[feature 1: degree of risk for themselves, likelihood to get infected] [how to know?]
-> result of a model with a lot of variables

[feature 2: Based on the configuration of the shelter, what are the degree of risk of contaminating others, likelihood to infect others] [how to know?]
variables: shelter configuration, occupation,


[feature 3: typical contagion channels] [how to know?]
variables: transportation, shared facilities, occupation, leisure, food supply, hospital, pharmacy,


[feature 4: easy to detect/contact/trace] [how to know?]
variables: level of education, gender, age, access to tech, awareness, location (urban/suburban/remote), level of trust in government & health system,

[feature 5: risk of harming by detection/contact/tracing ] [how to know?]
variables two families of stigmatization risks: A) socially undesired behaviour. e.g., illegal activities, -> have incentive to avoid surveillance -> risk is not intrinsically related to the generation of useful knowledge from an epidemiological point of view -> surveillance can try to mitigate the problem by getting as much information as possible about the disease-related aspects of behaviour, ignoring or masking the non-disease-related aspects of the behavior

B) all groups combining a high degree of risk of contagion with a high risk of contaminating others, based on demographic, lifestyle, occupational characteristics -> stigmatization risk is intrinsic to (and highly correlated with) the generation of useful knowledge from an epidemiological point of view -> surveillance can try to mitigate the problem by a) intervening on the granularity of the description of risk-related phenomena (may be in trade-off with data utility), b) adopting a language that does not revolve around concrete sociological categories keywords: stigmatization, discrimination, group exclusion.

As example, 2 related controversies that have already happened in France
 - stigmatization of people living in poor suburb of Paris associating hospital saturation with assuming not respecting the quarantine (press/social media comments)
- stigmatization of health workers (neighbour leaving note on nurses' flat door asking to go live elsewhere)

twitter exchange https://twitter.com/MariannesNoires/status/1243476777147731968
about this article
https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2020/03/26/il-n-y-a-plus-une-seule-place-de-reanimation-dans-le-93_6034502_3244.html

[feature 6: communication risks, e.g. miscommunication, fear, stigmatization] [how to assess[h] this?]
variables: age, level of education,

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